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Tutorial 9 - VTC 2019 Fall
T9: Recent Development on NOMA: Signal Processing Advances and Emerging Applications

Presented by: Lajos Hanzo (Univ. of Southampton), Zhiguo Ding (Lancaster Univ.) and Yuanwei Liu, (Queen Mary Univ)

This workshop has been cancelled.

Abstract—Mobile data traffic, especially mobile video traffic and small-size IoT packets, has dramatically increased in recent years with the emergence of smart phones, tablets, and various new applications. It is hence crucial to increase network capacity to accommodate these bandwidth consuming applications and services. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), which has been recently proposed for the 3rd generation partnership projects long-term evolution advanced (3GPP-LTE-A), constitutes a promising technology of enhancing the spectral efficiency and achieving massive connectivity challenges in beyond 5G networks by accommodating several users within the same orthogonal resource block, via multiplexing at different power levels. By doing so, significant spectral efficiency enhancement can be attained over conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) techniques. The main of this tutorial is to present the basic concepts/theories, address research advances on key technologies, and deliver the state-of-the-art of research and development for NOMA in next generation mobile communication systems.

Tutorial Objectives
This tutorial presents a timely overview on how to achieve high spectral efficiency, the holy grail of modern wireless communications, particularly for emerging beyond 5G techniques. The tutorial will shed light on some fundamental challenges in the design of such spectrally efficient networks from the system engineering perspective. In presenting the tutorial, all concepts are built up from basic concepts. Therefore, the audience only requires a moderate level of prior knowledge in communications and signal processing. Furthermore, the instructors’ newly published research results on the impact of NOMA communications on the overall system performance trade-offs will be presented. Generic design guidelines are provided for implementing NOMA in a general 5G network architecture. Methods are then presented to adjust and engineer the system behaviour to improve the spectrum efficiency while a quantitative vision is given regarding the costs and implications of such changes. The analytical tools and concepts provided in this tutorial as well as the techniques used are in line with the objectives and interests of IEEE VTC attendees.This tutorial presents a timely overview on how to achieve high spectral efficiency, the holy grail of modern wireless communications, particularly for emerging beyond 5G techniques. The tutorial will shed light on some fundamental challenges in the design of such spectrally efficient networks from the system engineering perspective. In presenting the tutorial, all concepts are built up from basic concepts. Therefore, the audience only requires a moderate level of prior knowledge in communications and signal processing. Furthermore, the instructors’ newly published research results on the impact of NOMA communications on the overall system performance trade-offs will be presented. Generic design guidelines are provided for implementing NOMA in a general 5G network architecture. Methods are then presented to adjust and engineer the system behaviour to improve the spectrum efficiency while a quantitative vision is given regarding the costs and implications of such changes. The analytical tools and concepts provided in this tutorial as well as the techniques used are in line with the objectives and interests of IEEE VTC attendees.

Tutorial Outline
Background and Basics for Wireless Communications – present the basics, challenges, recent progress, and open issues for next generation communication systems: 1) Brief History of Wireless Standardization: provide a comprehensive overview of the mobile communication evolutions with the focus on the state-of-the-art of multiple access techniques; 2) Challenges: present new requests, open issues and research challenges for next generation mobile communications; 3) Key solutions for multiple access: survey the most important technological solutions for non-orthogonal multiple access. NOMA Basics – discuss the Basic Principles of power-domain NOMA. 1) Key Techniques of NOMA 2) Identifying OMA and NOMA 3) Main advantages of NOMA 4) Investigating NOMA from an Information Theoretic Perspective 5) Downlink and Uplink NOMA Transmission NOMA Combined with Multiple Antennas Techniques – present the application of multiple antenna techniques on NOMA 1) Cluster-Based MIMO-NOMA 2) Beamformer-Based MIMO-NOMA 3) Massive-MIMO-NOMA Interplay between NOMA and Cooperative Communications – present promising cooperative NOMA technologies and the application of NOMA in cooperative networks. 1) Cooperative NOMA 2) NOMA in Cooperative Transmission Based Networks Resource Management in NOMA Networks – present resource controlling in terms of power controlling and user/resource allocation. 1) Power Allocation for NOMA 2) User Scheduling in Dynamic Cluster/Pair Based Hybrid MA Networks 3) Software-Defined NOMA Network Architecture NOMA Invoking Other Technologies towards 5G – consider co-existence of NOMA with other 5G proposals 1) NOMA in HetNets 2) NOMA in Millimeter Wave Communications 3) NOMA and Cognitive Radio Networks 4) NOMA-Based Device-to-Device Communication Implementation Challenges and Standardization of NOMA – identify some implementation issues and corresponding potential solving approaches 1) Error Propagation in SIC 2) Channel Estimation Error and Complexity for NOMA 3) Security Provisioning for NOMA 4) Maintaining the Sustainability of NOMA with RF Wireless Power Transfer 5) State-of-the-art for Standardization of NOMA Machine Learning in NOMA NOMA in UAV networks

Primary Audience
Whilst this overview is ambitious in terms of providing a research-oriented outlook, potential attendees require only a modest background in wireless networking and communications. The mathematical contents are kept to a minimum and a conceptual approach is adopted.
Postgraduate students, researchers and signal processing practitioners as well as managers looking for cross-pollination of their experience with other topics may find the coverage of the presentation beneficial. The participants will receive the set of slides as supporting material and they may find the detailed mathematical analysis in the above-mentioned books.

Novelty
Note that NOMA is the newest family of multiple access techniques considered for cellular wireless communications, it has quickly attracted considerable attention from both industry and academia, and has been included as a key enabling technique in various 5G whitepapers published by DoCoMo, SK Telecom, METIS, and ZTE in 2015. In Aug. 2015, NOMA was also proposed for 3GPP LTE to improve the spectral efficiency of downlink LTE by Qualcomm, Huawei, Samsung, Nokia, etc. These fast-growing industrial activities are synchronized with the efforts from the academic research community.

Biography
Lajos Hanzo (http://www-mobile.ecs.soton.ac.uk) Royal Society Wolfson Fellow, FREng, FIEEE, FIET, Fellow of EURASIP, DSc received his degree in electronics in 1976 and his doctorate in 1983. Since 1986 he has been with the School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK, where he holds the chair in telecommunications. He has successfully supervised 113 PhD students, co-authored 18 John Wiley/IEEE Press books on mobile radio communications totalling in excess of 10 000 pages, published 1700+ research contributions at IEEE Xplore, acted both as TPC and General Chair of IEEE conferences, presented keynote lectures and has been awarded a number of distinctions. During 2008 – 2012 he was the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Press and since 2009 he has been a Chaired Professor also at Tsinghua University, Beijing. For further information on research in progress and associated publications please refer to http://www-mobile.ecs.soton.ac.uk Lajos has 33 000+ citations.

Zhiguo Ding is currently a professor in School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, UK. His research interests are 5G networks, game theory, cooperative and energy harvesting networks. He is serving as an Editor for IEEE Transactions on Communications and IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technologies, and served as an Editor for IEEE Wireless Communication Letters and IEEE Communication Letters. He received the EU Marie Curie Fellowship 2012-2014, IEEE TVT Top Editor 2017, 2018 IEEE Communication Society Heinrich Hertz Award, 2018 IEEE Vehicular Technology Society Jack Neubauer Memorial Award, and 2018 IEEE Signal Processing Society Best Signal Processing Letter Award.

Yuanwei Liu has been a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) with the School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, since 2017. His research interests include 5G wireless networks, Internet of Things, machine learning, stochastic geometry, and matching theory. He received the Exemplary Reviewer Certificate of the IEEE Wireless Communication Letters in 2015 and the IEEE Transactions on Communications in 2017. He has served as a TPC Member for many IEEE conferences, such as GLOBECOM and ICC. He currently serves as an Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Communications, the IEEE Communications Letters and the IEEE Access.